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ODA as an actor in the formation of the right and Czech conservatism
Brožová, Karolina ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis will be to characterize the formation of Czech conservative and rightwing thinking in political practice, which seemed to be something completely unimaginable in the communist environment of the time. Although the roots of Anglo-Saxon conservatism go back to the 18th century, it is difficult to define it as a modern ideology at this time. Its meaning has evolved and changed over time, but in some ways it could be said that the basic principles of conservatism have survived to this day. In this thesis, I will primarily reflect on values such as freedom, equality, property, tradition and morality because it is these values that the ODA, as the primary actor with which this thesis is primarily concerned, drew upon in a society shaped by communism and the vision of socialism as the only possible path for the emergence of rightwing politics.
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Contemporary thinkers of the European far right: a comparative analysis
Olšáková, Martina ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Guasti, Petra (referee)
The thesis deals with the political thinking of contemporary intellectual representatives of the extreme right, as well as the thinkers who built the ideological foundations for the modern extreme right. In the first part of the thesis, the basic concepts with which the far-right scene works and also the methods of its organization are presented. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on important founders of extreme right-wing thought, Julius Evola, Oswald Spengler, Carl Schmitt and Ernst Jünger. The next part of the work is devoted to the characteristics of the contemporary extreme right, the introduction of ideological pillars, the introduction of the French New Right and the identitarian movement. In the last part of the work, the opinions on selected topics of the main representatives of the intellectual far-right scene of today, Alain de Benoist, Guillaume Faye, Renaud Camus, Dominiqua Venner, Götze Kubitschek, Markus Willinger, Armin Mohler, Alexander Dugin, Franco Freda and Tomislav Sunić are examined and compared. The work primarily aims to describe how the intellectual far-right scene tried to adapt its ideological and political thinking so that it became acceptable in society and the political environment after the Second World War, and what are the common and different features of the selected...
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Contemporary American Conservatism in Historical Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of the Conservative Political Discourse in 1960-1980 and 2011-2020
Sedláčková, Jolana ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis investigates the indicators of a conservative backlash in presidential campaign discourse by contrasting the conservative rhetoric of 1960-1980 with that of 2011-2020. Grounded in a theoretical framework of Backlash Politics, the thesis examines the rise of conservatism in the 1960s and 1970s and its resurgence in the twenty-first century through the lens of a Critical Discourse Analysis. Through an analysis of conservative presidential candidates' public statements in the periods 1960-1980 and 2011-2020, the thesis explores the resurgence of American conservatism by identifying enduring themes in conservative discourse. The dominant themes in conservative discourse, such as individual liberties, limited government, free market principles, traditional family values, and national security concerns, are scrutinized to identify similarities as well as differences between the 20th and the 21st-century discourse. By examining campaign press releases and statements issued during the presidential campaign by five conservative presidential candidates from each period, the thesis reveals the employed factors of Backlash Politics. The conservative political discourse in 1960-1980 grieved for the return to the founding principles and calls for institutional reshaping to prevent an authoritative...
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Czech modern conservatism in the light of the SPOLU (Together) coalition
Rumiantceva, Iuliia ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines contemporary Czech conservatism in the context of the SPOLU coalition, which currently consists of three political parties (ODS, TOP 09 and KDU-ČSL). The main goal of the work is to analyze different approaches to conservatism within the coalition. The thesis consists of a theoretical and analytical part, focused on the development of conservatism as an ideology and individual party families, as well as on the current political situation in Europe and the conservative faction of the EU. This work first deals with the concept of conservatism, its origin, and the definition of the concept. The analytical part of the work focuses on the analysis of the conservatism of the parties of the SPOLU coalition, including their attitude to traditional family values, national identity and culture, social and economic policy and other aspects that are fundamental to conservatism. Subsequently, the work deals with the ideological position of individual political parties and then performs their analysis. Based on the analysis, it is defined whether the parties are truly conservative. The work will also explore whether the coalition parties could merge to form a new political party. The research questions are whether the SPOLU coalition can be considered conservative and whether the...
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Armin Mohler's political thought in his book Conservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932
Kloučková, Klára ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Halamka, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of the conservative revolution and the German New Right is one of the less explored topics in the Czech academic environment. The personality of Armin Mohler, who is one of the spiritual fathers of the German New Right, offers a space for finding and understanding the essential ideas that influence the German New Right to this day. The aim of this thesis is therefore to describe key concepts of Mohler's thought in his first and influential work, The Conservative Revolution in Deutschland 1918-1932. At the same time, the thesis seeks to show the moments in which Mohler straddles the line between conservatism and right- wing extremism. The analysis of this borderline relies on the key concepts of conservatism and right-wing extremism, which are described in the first section. The second part already focuses specifically on the key concepts of Mohler's work. Firstly, Mohler's understanding of what a conservative revolution is in general is explained, and it is at this point that the borderline under investigation can already be traced. Next, the thesis identifies concepts such as nation, race, and empire, and it also looks at the militarism and militant thought of the conservative revolution and the groups that represent a non-negligible part of the conservative revolution. For all of these...
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The Conservative Dimension of the Chinese Confucian Political Tradition in the Light of Western Conservatism
Zheng, Yinmingwei ; Salamon, Janusz (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
This thesis examines the conservative aspects of the Chinese political tradition rooted in Confucianism and compares it to modern Western conservatism. It concludes that despite arising from very different historical and cultural contexts, Confucian conservatism and Western conservatism share three fundamental principles by emphasizing hierarchical and social order (based on social hierarchical morality), formalism (implying respect for strict political ritual and traditional institutions), and empiricism (respect for the facts and reality, accumulation of wisdom grounded in the past experiences). The importance of identifying these common traits of the Chinese and Western conservatism goes well beyond the scholarly interest in intellectual history of humanity, because the West experiences a considerable conservative revival, while traditional Chinese conservatism continues to exercise a profound impact on the politics, culture and social norms of the Chinese society today, therefore one might argue that conservative principles might provide a conceptual bridge for political dialogue between Chinese and the West. Key Words: Confucianism; Conservatism; Order; Hierarchy; Formalism; Empiricism
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The Tea Party Movement and Its Impact on Amecican Politics
Kucer, Maxim ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The end of the year 2007, during the presidential campaign of Republican congressman Ron Paul, was the first time when the modern Tea Party movement appeared on American political scene. In a short period of time the Tea Party became a significant political force that endorsed many successful candidates in 2010 midterm elections and put pressure on established political parties to follow the will of the people. This thesis, written primarily as a political affairs analysis, examines origins of this grassroots movement and its impact on American politics. Put in a broader historical and socio- economic context, this work tries to create a notion of movement's probable future. The thesis is divided into three major parts. First chapter provides an insight into the historical origins of the modern Tea Party movement and also the birth of populism in the United States. The following part looks into the formation of Tea Party and describes the most important organizations connected with the movement and how they influenced its activities. The third part is focused on the most relevant Tea Party protests and in form of a case study assesses its influence on 2010 midterm elections.
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The current czech nationalism in extreme right
Bauer, David ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Aim of the thesis is to describe and analyse the role of nationalism in contemporary Czech extreme right movements. Its author has two fundamental objectives. The first is to evaluate strength and relevance of contemporary Czech nationalism within extreme right movements. The second objective consists in the analysis of nationalism itself, which should reveal the true nature of these organizations and their ideological platform. This thesis presents an overview of Czech extreme right spectrum. It was essential to select movements that mutually differ and therefore represent various manifestations of Czech right extremism. All three platforms can be classified as extreme right movements strongly resonating with Czech nationalism. They see themselves as patriots who defend conservative values and national traditions. Revue of The National Idea represents an attempt to create a sophisticated, intellectual forum providing conditions for ultra-right views and ideas. D.O.S.T. movement acts as a conservative "people's initiative", standing against multiculturalism and the European Union. The National Party is then an example of extreme political grouping with traces of populism, xenophobia and pure racism. Content analysis of these three movements is the main topic of the thesis. Examining their goals,...
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